Recommendations for these modalities were mostly unclear, unambiguous, uncertain, or conflicting. Twenty-two CAM modalities were implicated, involving nutritional or natural products, physical CAM, psychological CAM, homeopathy, aromatherapy, and mindful movements. The reporting rate of eligible CPGs ranged from 42.9 to 97.1%. Results: Seventeen eligible GCPs were included, and 14 were judged to be of moderate to high methodological and reporting quality. The methodological and reporting quality of each included guideline was appraised using the AGREE II instrument and RIGHT statement, respectively. The NCCIH website and six websites of international guideline developing institutions were also retrieved. Methods: Formally published CPGs incorporating CAM recommendations for insomnia management were searched for in seven databases from their inception to January 2023. The quality of the eligible guidelines was appraised to assess the credibility of these recommendations. This systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the CAM recommendations associated with insomnia treatment and care from existing comprehensive clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). 7Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, Chinaīackground: There is a need for evidence-informed guidance on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for insomnia because of its widespread utilization and a lack of guidance on the balance of benefits and harms.6Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.5Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia.4School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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